P.L. 86-272 Statement of Information Project
The Uniformity Committee at its meeting in November 2018 agreed to form a work group to update the MTC’s “Statement of Information Concerning Practices of Multistate Tax Commission and Signatory States under Public Law 86-272.” The statement was last updated in 2001. The work group will propose revisions to the Statement to address changes that have occurred during the past two decades in the economy and the way that business is conducted.
Article: “An Insider’s View of the MTC’s P.L. 86-272 Project”, Brian Hamer, Tax Notes State, March 22, 2021
Article: “In the Wake of the MTC’s P.L. 86-272 Project”, Brian Hamer, Tax Notes State, August 8, 2022
This project was approved by the Executive Committee at its meeting on July 31, 2014. The Uniformity Committee subsequently met to discuss the project and consider the scope as well as the make-up of a working group.
Background Materials
Revisions to P.L. 86-272 Statement of Information as Approved by the Commission and the MTC Executive Committee
Final Version of the Revisions to the Statement on P.L. 86-272
This version of the revised MTC Statement of Information on P.L. 86-272, with minor corrections approved by the Hearing Officer, was approved by the Executive Committee at its meeting on November 20, 2020. This version was also adopted for recommendation to the states by the Commission at its annual meeting on August 4, 2021. Additional information on the revisions and on the project to draft those revisions is provided below.
P.L. 86-272 Statement of Information Work Group
The P.L. 86-272 Work Group has completed its review of the current MTC Statement of Information and submitted a revised version to the Uniformity Committee for its consideration:
- P.L. 86-272 Statement of Information Work Group proposal.
- Memorandum to Uniformity Committee submitting proposed revision to the Statement of Information
- Proposed revision of Statement of Information marked to show changes to current version of the Statement
Public Hearing
The Uniformity Committee recommended the proposed revision to the P.L. 86-272 Statement of Information to the Executive Committee, which asked the commission to hold a public hearing. That hearing was held August 5, 2020, 2:00 P.M. ET, with Robert J. Desiderio, Professor Emeritus, University of New Mexico School of Law, as the Hearing Officer.
The Hearing Officer’s Report is available here: Hearing Officer Report
Source Materials
- Public Law 86-272, 15 U.S.C. §§381-84
- Statement of Information Concerning Practices of Multistate Tax Commission and Signatory States Under Public Law 86-272, Third Revision adopted on July 27, 2001
Hearing Materials
- Memorandum from Commission staff submitting Work Group proposal to hearing officer
- Public Comments – Oregon Department of Revenue
- Public Comments – Darien Shanske
- Public Comments – Philip M. Tatarowicz
- Public Comments – Bernard D. Copping
- Public Comments – COST
- Public Comments – Massachusetts Department of Revenue
Reference Materials
Legislative history and court decisions
- Northwestern States Portland Cement Co. v. Minnesota
- Senate Report No. 658, 86th Cong. 1st Sess.
- Conference Report No. 1103, 86th Congress, 1st Session
- House Report No. 936, 86th Congress, 1st Session
- Willis Commission report (vol.1, including chapter 13 Impact of Public Law 86-272) (external link)
- Wisconsin Dep’t of Revenue v. William Wrigley, Jr. Co.
- South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc.
Court decisions addressing federal preemption
- Dep’t of Revenue of Oregon v. ACF Industries, Inc.
- Rice v. Santa Fe Elevator Corp.
- Heublein, Inc. v. South Carolina Tax Comm’n
- Matter of Disney Enterprises, Inc. v. Tax Appeals Tribunal
Materials describing internet “cookies”
- “How to Use Cookies to Better Understand Your Customers Needs,” Nov. 8, 2011 (link to external site).
- “How cookies track you around the web and how to stop them,” Feb. 24, 2018, (link to external site).
- David Goldman, “I Always feel Like Someone is Watching Me: A Technological Solution for Online Privacy, 28 Hastings Commercial and Entertainment Law Journal 353” (2006). This article provides an explanation of cookies and their purpose. See particularly pages 364-67.
- Federal Trade Commission description of cookies.
- Eoin Carolan & M. Rosario Castillo-Mayen, “Why More User Control Does Not Mean More User Privacy: An empirical -and Counter-Intuitive- Assessment of European E-Privacy Laws,” 19 Virginia Journal of Law & Technology 329 (2015). See particularly page 4.
- In Re: Nickelodeon Consumer Privacy Litigation, 827 F.3d 262 (3rd Cir. 2016). See particularly page 268; note that these are factual allegations accepted as true by the court for purposes of a motion to dismiss.
- Mount v. PulsePoint, Inc., 2016 WL 5080131 (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 17, 2016). See particularly Section 1 of the opinion.
Materials describing the transmittal of code to a customer’s computer
- Soltani Expert Report (filed in the Ohio Crutchfield litigation) . “When a user visits a website . . ., the website transmits code and images to the user’s computer via the user’s current internet connection. Often the code and images are stored on the user’s hard drive in order to improve the website performance. . . . This stored content is referred to as the browser cache.” This Report is attached to this email—see discussion beginning on page 20.
- MakeUseOf website: “The browser cache is a temporary storage location on your computer for files downloaded by your browser to display websites. Files that are cached locally include any documents that make up a website, such as html files, CSS style sheets, JavaScript scripts, as well as graphic images and other multimedia content. When you revisit a website, the browser checks which content was updated in the meantime and only downloads updated files or what is not already stored in the cache. This reduces bandwidth usage on both the user and server side and allows the page to load faster. Hence, the cache is especially useful when you have a slow or limited Internet connection.”
- Pressidium blog. “How does the browser cache work.” “The cache is a software or hardware component that is used to temporarily store values for faster future access. The browser cache is a small database of files that contains downloaded web page resources, such as images, videos, CSS, Javascript, and so on . . . . The browser requests some content from the web server. If the content is not in the browser cache then it is retrieved directly from the web server. If the content was previously cached, the browser bypasses the server and loads the content directly from its cache.”
- Here is an explanation of JavaScript, which is a bit technical. (MakeUseOf)
Materials relating to foreign commerce discussion
- Link to the MTC’s Model General Allocation and Apportionment Regulations
- Border Pipe Line Co. v. Fed. Power Commission, 171 F.2d 149 (D.C. Cir. 1948)
- Hellerstein on Foreign Commerce
Materials relating to independent contractors discussion
- Ann Sacks Tile & Stone, Inc., Canac Kitchens US Limited; and Kohler Rental Power, Inc. v. Dept. of Rev., State of Oregon
- In the Matter of the Appeal of Dresser Industries, Inc.
- Cheng Shin Rubber USA, Inc. v. Dept. of Rev., State of Oregon
- Santa Fe Natural Tobacco Co. v. Dept. of Rev., State of Oregon
Materials relating to Joyce/Finnigan discussion
- Finnigan Briefing Book
- Airborne Navigation v. Arizona Department of Revenue, Arizona Board of Tax Appeals (1987)
- Matter of Disney Enterprises, Inc. v. Tax Appeals Tribunal, New York Court of Appeals (2008)
Articles regarding P.L. 86-272
- Darien Shanske, State Tax Administrators: Please Do Your Part in Sending PL 86–272 off into the Sunset (links to external site), Medium, July 5, 2019
- Christopher T. Lutz, What to Do With Public Law 86-272, 93 TAX NOTES STATE 781 (AUG. 26, 2019) (posted with permission from Tax Analysts)
- Virginia Tax Review article by Michael T. Fatale containing background information relating to P.L. 86-272, “Federalism and State Business Activity Tax Nexus: Revisiting Public Law 86-272”
- Martin I. Eisenstein and Nathaniel A. Bessey, “Public Law 86-272: Sunlight for a Cloud Service,” State Tax Notes, May 21, 2018*
- Martin I. Eisenstein and Nathaniel A. Bessey, “Wayfair and P.L. 86-272 in a Services Economy,” State Tax Notes, November 5, 2018*
- Richard L. Cram, No Shade for Cloud Computing Income Under P.L. 86-272, September 24, 2018
Other materials
Work Group drafts
- Statement of Information discussion draft 7.2 (redlined to show changes to the draft since the Work Group’s last meeting), 2/20/20
- Statement of Information discussion draft 7.2 (redlined to show all changes from the current MTC Statement of Information adopted by the Commission in 2001), 2/20/20
- Revised draft Introduction 2/4/20 (clean copy), 2/7/20
- Revised draft Introduction 2/4/20 (redlined to show changes from Discussion Draft 6.2), 2/7/20
- Discussion draft 6.2 (marked to show changes from the current Statement of Information (adopted in 2001)
- Discussion draft 6.2 (copy generally without edit marks)
- Statement of Information Discussion Draft 5, 12/24/19
- Draft additional examples, 12/24/19
- Statement of Information Discussion Draft 4, 12/9/19
- Section IV.C -revised- draft, 12/2/19
- Section IV.C -revised- draft, 11/19/19
- Statement Article I Draft, 11/19/19
- Statement of Information discussion draft 3
- Section IV.C. draft
- Statement of Information discussion draft 2
Meeting summaries and related materials
- Meeting summary 9-17-19
- Meeting summary 9-6-19
- Meeting summary 8-20-19
- Scenarios (8/19/19 update to Scenario 8)
- Statement of Information preliminary discussion draft
- Summary of 7/25/19 conference call
- Summary of July 11, 2019 conference call
- Scenarios (7/8/19 revision with 4 additional scenarios)
- Summary of June 20, 2019 conference call
- Summary of June 6, 2019 conference call
- Summary of May 17, 2019 conference call
- P.L. 86-272 Statement of Information (discussion draft) for June 6, 2019
- Summary of April 30, 2019 conference call
- Alternative analysis of P.L. 86-272 to be discussed, May 2019
- Summary of April 11, 2019 teleconference
- Scenarios (4/9/19 version with two additions)
- Summary of March 28, 2019 teleconference
- Summary of March 14, 2019 teleconference
- Scenarios, March 28, 2019
- Application of P.L. 86-272 to internet sellers: decision tree/discussion document
- Work Group Issues
- Potential subjects for discussion
Reports to Uniformity Committee
- Transmittal of proposed revision of the P.L. 86-272 Statement of Information to Uniformity Committee: 3-23-20
- Report to Uniformity Committee 11-6-19: Status of P.L. 86-272 Statement of Information Project
- Report to Uniformity Committee 8-6-19: Status of P.L. 86-272 Statement of Information Project
- Report to Uniformity Committee 4-25-19: Status of P.L. 86-272 Statement of Information Project
*posted with permission from copyright holder